Quiz: That September 1, 1939, paper

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Name this physicist for whom the maximum mass limit of a white dwarf is named.

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On September 1, 1939, J. Robert Oppenheimer and X published a paper describing how an object of extreme mass would collapse into a black hole. The paper is considered one of the most important in the history of physics. Name X.

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Also in 1939, Oppenheimer, Richard Tolman, Robert Serber, and George Volkoff obtained the limit named for them when studying _______ _____. Above this limit, these objects collapse into black holes. Fill in the blanks.

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The American theoretical physicist Y coined the term “black hole” in 1967 after spending the 1950s being opposed to their possibility. In particular, Y thought Oppenheimer and X (from Q1) had neglected the properties of real stars. Name Y.

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The shape of spacetime around an uncharged black hole that isn’t rotating is described by Schwarzschild geometry. What’s the name of the spacetime geometry that describes spacetime around an uncharged black hole that is rotating?

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The September 1, 1939, described a boundary called the event horizon, beyond which even light couldn’t escape the black hole’s pull. If a black hole is rotating, there’s another surface above the event horizon called Z, which coincides with the event horizon at the black hole’s poles. Name Z.