South Korea’s parliament has voted to impeach President Yoon Suk Yeol. File
| Photo Credit: AFP

South Korea’s parliament has voted to impeach President Yoon Suk Yeol over his short-lived martial law declaration this month.

Also Read | South Korea President Yoon faces second impeachment vote over martial law decree

The National Assembly passed the motion in a 204-85 vote on Saturday, December 14, 2024.

Mr. Yoon’s Presidential powers and duties will be suspended after the copies of a document on the impeachment are delivered to him and to the Constitutional Court.

The court has up to 180 days to determine whether to dismiss Yoon as president or restore his powers. If he’s thrown out of office, a national election to choose his successor must be held within 60 days.

Won’t give up: Yoon

Impeached South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol said Saturday will “never give up” and called for officials to maintain stability in government functions during what he described as a “temporary” pause of his presidency.

Yoon released the comments through his office after the National Assembly passed a motion to impeach him over his short-lived martial law decree this month that harkened back to an era of authoritarian leaders the country has not seen since the 1980s.

Yoon had previously defended his step as an act of necessary governance and vowed to “fight to the end” in the face of opposition-led efforts to remove him from office. The parliamentary vote suspends his powers while he awaits a decision by the Constitutional Court whether to formally remove him from office.

A screen in Seoul shows footage of South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol delivering an address to the nation on December 7, 2024
| Photo Credit: Getty Images

South Korea’s president apologised Saturday (December 7, 2024) for public anxiety caused by his short-lived attempt to impose martial law earlier this week hours ahead of a parliamentary vote on impeaching him.

Mr. Yoon said in a brief televised address Saturday morning he would not shirk legal or political responsibility for the declaration and promised not to make another attempt to impose it. He said he would leave it to his conservative political party to chart a course through the country’s political turmoil, “including matters related to my term in office.”

South Korean lawmakers are set to vote later Saturday on impeaching President Yoon Suk Yeol over his short-lived attempt to impose martial law, as protests grew nationwide calling for his removal.

ALSO READ | Timeline of South Korea’s martial law declaration

It wasn’t immediately clear whether the motion submitted by opposition lawmakers would get the two-thirds majority required for Mr. Yoon to be impeached. But it appeared more likely after the leader of Mr. Yoon’s own party on Friday called for suspending his constitutional powers, describing him as unfit to hold the office and capable of taking more extreme action, including renewed attempts to impose martial law.

Support required for impeachment

Impeaching Mr. Yoon would require support from 200 of the National Assembly’s 300 members. The opposition parties that jointly brought the impeachment motion have 192 seats combined.

That means they would need at least eight votes from Mr. Yoon’s People Power Party. On Wednesday, 18 members of the PPP joined a vote that unanimously cancelled martial law 190-0 less than three hours after Mr. Yoon declared the measure on television, calling the opposition-controlled parliament a “den of criminals” bogging down state affairs. The vote took place as hundreds of heavily-armed troops encircled the National Assembly in an attempt to disrupt the vote and possibly to detain key politicians.

Parliament said Saturday that it would meet at 5 p.m. It will first vote on a bill appointing a special prosecutor to investigate influence peddling allegations surrounding Mr. Yoon’s wife, and then on impeaching Mr. Yoon.

EDITORIAL | Costly miscalculation: On the South Korean President’s announcement of martial law

The turmoil resulting from Mr. Yoon’s bizarre and poorly-thought-out stunt has paralysed South Korean politics and sparked alarm among key diplomatic partners, including neighbouring Japan and Seoul’s top ally the United States, as one of the strongest democracies in Asia faces a political crisis that could unseat its leader.

Opposition lawmakers claim that Mr. Yoon’s martial law declaration amounted to a self-coup and drafted the impeachment motion around rebellion charges.

PPP opposes impeachment

The PPP decided to oppose impeachment at a lawmakers’ meeting, despite pleas by its leader Han Dong-hun, who isn’t a lawmaker and has no vote.

Following a party meeting on Friday, Mr. Han stressed the need to suspend Mr. Yoon’s presidential duties and power swiftly, saying he “could potentially put the Republic of Korea and its citizens in great danger.”

Mr. Han said he had received intelligence that during the brief period of martial law Mr. Yoon ordered the country’s defense counterintelligence commander to arrest and detain unspecified key politicians based on accusations of “anti-state activities.”

Hong Jang-won, first deputy director of South Korea’s National Intelligence Service, later told lawmakers in a closed-door briefing that Mr. Yoon called after imposing martial law and ordered him to help the defence counterintelligence unit to detain key politicians. The targeted politicians included Han, opposition leader Lee Jae-myung and National Assembly speaker Woo Won Shik, according to Kim Byung-kee, one of the lawmakers who attended the meeting.

The Defence Ministry said it had suspended the defence counterintelligence commander, Yeo In-hyung, who Mr. Han alleged had received orders from Mr. Yoon to detain the politicians. The ministry also suspended Lee Jin-woo, commander of the Capital Defense Command, and Kwak Jong-geun, commander of the Special Warfare Command, over their involvement in enforcing martial law.

Former Defense Minister Kim Yong Hyun, who has been accused of recommending Mr. Yoon to enforce martial law, has been placed under a travel ban and faces an investigation by prosecutors over rebellion charges.

Vice Defence Minister Kim Seon Ho, who became acting defence minister after Mr. Yoon accepted Kim Yong Hyun’s resignation on Thursday, has testified to parliament that it was Kim Yong Hyun who ordered troops to be deployed to the National Assembly after Mr. Yoon imposed martial law.