An incredible 60-90% of the world’s freshwater is locked in Antarctica’s vast ice sheet.

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The average annual rainfall at the South Pole over the past 30 years was just over 10 mm (0.4 in). The average across the continent is low enough to classify Antarctica as a polar desert.

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The water flowing from within the glacier was from a subglacial lake high in salt and oxidised iron, and when it came into contact with oxygen the iron rusted, giving the water its striking red shade, and its name: Blood Falls.

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Reptiles rely on external heat sources to help regulate their body temperature – something that is in very short supply in the frigid climate of Antarctica.

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The Transantarctic Mountains run for more than 3,500km, making them one of the longest mountain ranges on the planet.

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