Jinju, South Korea:

Aspiring South Korean writer On Ji-goo never considered herself a feminist but changed her mind after being physically attacked by a man for having short hair.

“I know you are a feminist,” her attacker yelled as he beat her up at the convenience store where she worked part time.

Her assailant, in his 20s, also severely assaulted an older man who tried to intervene, telling him: “Why aren’t you supporting a fellow man?”

On was left with hearing loss and severe trauma but insisted on pressing charges — resulting in a landmark ruling last month where, for the first time in South Korea, a court recognised misogyny as a motive for a hate crime.

“I now think I’m a feminist,” On, who wanted to use her pen name for security reasons, told AFP in an interview.

The Changwon District Court ruling “has historical significance, but it seems to hold even greater meaning for me personally”, she said.

The attack generated outrage in South Korea, and On became an inadvertent heroine for the country’s women’s rights movements.

Short hair has been very loosely associated with feminism in South Korea, which remains socially conservative despite its booming economy and the global popularity of its K-pop and K-drama content.

Same-sex marriage is not recognised, and among advanced economies it has relatively low rates of female workforce participation and one of the worst gender pay gaps.

#MeToo, 4B Moments

As part of the global #MeToo movement that emerged around 2017, South Korean women held enormous rights demonstrations and won victories on issues from abortion access to harsher punishment for spycam crimes.

Some campaigners went viral by destroying makeup products or cutting their hair short on camera to protest against the country’s demanding beauty standards. 

It also saw the emergence of the extreme 4B movement, which rejects dating, sex, marriage, or childbearing with men.

The movement, which means “Four Nos” in Korean, has been trending since Donald Trump won the US presidential election.

But South Korea has also seen a recent anti-feminism backlash, with President Yoon Suk Yeol courting young men on the campaign trail with denials of institutional discrimination against women and promises to abolish Ministry of Gender Equality, which his supporters claimed was “outdated”.

The backlash previously ensnared unsuspecting victims such as triple Olympic archery champion An San, who was bullied online during the 2021 Tokyo Games for her short hair. 

Writer On said she followed the furore at the time, even reporting online abuse she saw. “When I first heard that having short hair meant you were a feminist, I found it absurd,” On said. 

“Athletes often find it more convenient to have short hair when they are training,” she added, noting she had cut her own hair short before being assaulted last year because of the hot weather.

Archer An never officially commented on the online abuse, and her “pride and confidence, along with her ability to simply ignore negativity, were truly impressive,” said On.

“Over time, I found myself (inspired by) her sense of dignity and confidence… thinking: ‘Is there really anything that I should be ashamed of?'”

Getting Worse?

A spate of high-profile deepfake pornography cases were uncovered this summer, targeting female students and staff at the country’s schools and universities.

A Seoul court jailed one perpetrator for 10 years last month for assaulting women who attended the nation’s top Seoul National University, saying his actions stemmed from “hatred toward socially successful women”.

One victim, whose campaign name is Ruma, told AFP that her assailant “wanted to emphasise that no matter how accomplished a woman is, she can be trampled on and treated like a prank by men.”

Activists such as Jung Yun-jung, who supported On through her trial, say the situation could worsen as inequality and competition for jobs increase.

South Korea has one of the world’s lowest birthrates as well as a falling marriage rate, with experts pointing to intense competition over jobs and housing a factor, leaving young people despondent for their futures.

On is still on medication to treat the mental and physical wounds of her attack, but she has found purpose in supporting other women who may find themselves victimised in similar circumstances.

Feminism, in the end, is about believing that “women’s rights are equally as important”, she said.

“In that sense, I had indeed been a feminist even before the incident.”

(This story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)

Marseille, France:

Walking into court each day with her head held high, the ex-wife of a Frenchman on trial for orchestrating her mass rape in her own bed for almost a decade has become a feminist icon.

With her now trademark auburn bob and dark glasses, 71-year-old Gisele Pelicot has become a figurehead in the battle against the use of drugs to commit sexual abuse.

Her life was shattered in 2020 when she discovered that her partner of five decades had for years been secretly administering her large doses of tranquilisers to rape her and invite dozens of strangers to join him.

But she has decided not to hide and demanded the trial of Dominique Pelicot, 71, and 50 co-defendants since September 2 be open to the public because, as she has said through one of her lawyers, it should be up to her alleged abusers – not her – to be ashamed.

“It’s a way of saying… shame must change sides,” her attorney Stephane Babonneau said as the trial opened.

Since then, feminist activists have used her stylised portrait by Belgian artist Aline Dessine, daubed with the words “Shame is changing sides”, to show support and call for protests.

The artist with 2.5 million followers on TikTok has given up all rights to the image.

‘VERY BRAVE’

Outside the courtroom in the southern town of Avignon on Friday, protester Nadege Peneau said she was full of admiration for the trial’s main plaintiff.

“What she’s doing is very brave,” she said.

“She’s speaking up for so many children and women, and even men” who have been abused, she added.

Gisele Pelicot in August obtained a divorce from her husband, who has confessed to the abuse after meticulously documenting it with photos and videos.

She has moved away from the southern town of Mazan where, in her own words, for years he treated her like “a piece of meat” or a “rag doll”.

She now uses her maiden name, but during the trial has asked the media to use her former name as a married woman.

Her lawyer Antoine Camus said she had transformed from a devoted wife and retiree, who loved walks and choir singing, into a woman in the seventies ready for a battle.

“I will have to fight till the end,” she told the press on September 5, in her only public statement outside court in the first days of the four-month trial.

“Obviously it’s not an easy exercise and I can feel attempts to trap me with certain questions,” she added calmly.

‘NOT IN VAIN’

The daughter of a member of the military, Gisele Pelicot was born on December 7, 1952 in Germany, returning to France with her family when she was five.

When she was only nine, her mother, aged just 35, died of cancer.

“In my head, I was already 15, I was already a little woman,” she said, describing growing up “without much love”.

Her older brother Michel died of a heart attack aged 43, before her 20th birthday.

She has said she was never one to publicly show emotions.

“In the family, we hide tears and we share laughter,” one of her lawyers had reported her as saying.

She met Dominique Pelicot, her future husband and rapist, in 1971.

She had dreamt of becoming a hairdresser but instead studied to be a typist. After a few years temping, she joined France’s national electricity company EDF, ending her career in a logistics service for its nuclear power plants.

At home, she looked after her three children, then seven grandchildren, and did a little gymnastics.

Only when the police caught her husband filming up women’s skirts in a supermarket in 2020 did she find out the true reason behind her troubling memory lapses.

Camus, her lawyer, said his client “never wanted to be a role model”.

“She just wants all this not to be in vain,” he said.
 

(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)