In a year of war between Israel and Hamas, the people of Gaza have lost nearly everything: their loved ones, their homes, their careers and their dreams.

AFP spoke to a student, a paramedic and a former civil servant in Gaza, to hear how the conflict has destroyed their lives.

The student stopped in his tracks

Fares al-Farra, 19, was as brilliant at school as he was ambitious.

Two months before October 7 last year, he graduated with top marks and enrolled in Gaza’s University College of Applied Sciences to study artificial intelligence and data science.

“I had many ambitions and goals, and I was always confident that one day I would achieve them,” he said.

Days after Hamas’s attack sparked the Gaza war, the Israeli military bombed part of the university.

Mr. Farra and his family fled their home in the southern city of Khan Yunis as it became a battleground, forcing them to shelter for months in a makeshift camp.

They returned home when Israeli troops withdrew from the area, only for it to then be bombed, demolishing the walls, breaking Farra’s arm and killing his close friend Abu Hassan.

“He always took care of me,” Mr. Farra said of his friend, who experienced with him forced displacement. “He was a good person.”

The hardship of war has chipped away at Farra’s optimism and his hopes for an education.

“It feels like all paths are closed,” he said.

He fears his dreams will no longer be a priority once the war ends.

“There will be more basic needs” to fulfil, he said.

Still, he said he longs for an end to the conflict, and that he can “achieve (his) dreams and goals”.

Paramedic and mother

Maha Wafi, 43, said she “really, really loves” her job as a paramedic in Khan Yunis, because she finds meaning in being able to help others.

“We go to the people to tell them: ‘we hear you’,” she said.

She also loved her life with Anis, her husband of 24 years, their five children and their beautiful house.

But the war forced her family to flee their home and seek shelter in a camp, just as the flow of wounded and sick increased due to the relentless bombardment, piling pressure on Gaza’s poorly equipped medical workers.

Then, in early December, Wafi’s husband was arrested. She has not seen him since.

She worries for her partner, but she must face the hardships of war alone. She takes care of their five children while continuing to work as a paramedic.

“You’re living in a tent… you have to bring water, fetch gas, light a fire and deal with the hardships of everything,” she said.

“All of this is psychological pressure on a working woman,” Wafi said, sitting by her ambulance, before scrubbing blood from its floor.

During the war, she has seen people killed and maimed. She narrowly escaped death when a strike hit a vehicle right next to her ambulance.

All she longs for now, she said, is for her husband to be released, and for life to go back to the way it was before the war.

“I don’t want anything more than how it was before October 7,” she said.

The civil servant turned beggar

Until October 7, Maher Zino, 39, lived a life of “beautiful routine” as a government employee earning what he described as a decent wage.

Together with his wife Fatima, they were raising their three children in Gaza City.

A year on, they have been displaced “so many times that it’s hard for me to count”, he said from his shelter in an olive grove in central Gaza.

Moving from Gaza City to Khan Yunis in the south, to Rafah by the Egyptian border, and then back to central Gaza, the family had to start from scratch each time.

“Set up a tent, build a bathroom, buy basic furniture, and find clothes because you’ve left everything behind,” he said.

Sometimes, they were able to find cover before nightfall.

Others, they’ve had to sleep on the street, said Mr. Zino, who said he’d “never needed anyone” before the war.

In the shelter they now live in, Mr. Zino and his wife have managed to create a semblance of domestic life with a place to sleep, a water tank and a makeshift toilet.

He, too, said he wished things could go back to the way they were before.

“I became a beggar,” he said, pleading for blankets to keep his family warm and searching “for charity kitchens to give me a plate of food just to feed my children”.

“That’s what the war did to us,” he said.

A Palestinian man inspects the damage to a school sheltering displaced people after it was hit by an Israeli strike, amid the Israel-Hamas conflict, at Beach refugee camp in Gaza City, September 22, 2024.
| Photo Credit: Reuters

Civil defence rescuers in Gaza City said an Israeli strike on Sunday (September 22, 2024) on a school-turned-shelter killed at least seven people, with the Israeli military saying it had targeted Hamas militants.

The vast majority of the besieged Gaza Strip’s 2.4 million people have been displaced at least once by the war, sparked by Hamas’s October 7 attack on Israel, with many seeking shelter in school buildings.

Israeli strikes on school-turned-shelters in Gaza

Civil defence agency spokesman Mahmud Bassal reported “seven martyrs and a number of wounded, including serious cases, as a result of Israeli shelling of Kafr Qasim School” in the Al-Shati refugee camp.

He said hundreds of displaced Gazans were sheltering there.

The Israeli military said it was targeting Palestinian militants operating from the school grounds, and that its forces had taken steps “to mitigate the risk of harm to uninvolved civilians” including by using “precise munitions” and surveillance.

It said the air force had “conducted a precise strike on Hamas terrorists in the northern Gaza Strip” who were “operating from a compound” at the school complex.

The military statement did not provide information on casualties.

This attack was the latest in a series of Israeli strikes on school buildings housing displaced people in Gaza, where fighting has raged for nearly a year.

On Saturday (September 21, 2024) the civil defence agency said an Israeli strike on another school-turned-shelter, also in Gaza City, had killed 21 people. The military said it was targeting militants.

School sheltering displaced people

A strike on the United Nations-run Al-Jawni School in central Gaza on September 11 drew international outcry after the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA, said six of its staffers were among the 18 reported fatalities.

The Israeli military accuses Hamas of hiding in school buildings where thousands of Gazans have sought shelter — a charge denied by the Palestinian militant group.

At least 41,391 Palestinians, a majority of them civilians, have been killed in Israel’s military campaign in Gaza since the war began, according to data provided by the health ministry. The United Nations has acknowledged these figures as reliable.

The recent conflict resulted in the deaths of 1,205 people on the Israeli side, most of them civilians, according to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures, which includes hostages killed in captivity.

Out of 251 people taken hostage that day, 97 are still being held inside the Gaza Strip, including 33 who the Israeli military says are dead.

Palestinians look at the damage at the site of an Israeli strike on a school sheltering displaced people, amid the Israel-Hamas conflict, in Gaza City on August 10, 2024.
| Photo Credit: Reuters

An independent, U.N.-appointed rights expert accused Israel of committing “genocide” in its Gaza war after an Israeli strike targeting a school on Saturday (August 10, 2024) killed 93 people, according to local rescuers.

“Israel is genociding the Palestinians one neighbourhood at the time, one hospital at the time, one school at the time, one refugee camp at the time, one safe zone at the time,” Francesca Albanese, the United Nations special rapporteur on the rights situation in the Palestinian territories, said on social media platform X.

Israel was carrying out such strikes against Palestinians using “US and European weapons”, Ms. Albanese said.

“May the Palestinians forgive us for our collective inability to protect them,” she added.

In a report issued in March, Ms. Albanese said there were “reasonable grounds” to determine that Israel had committed several acts of “genocide” in its war in Gaza.

Israel, which has long been highly critical of Ms. Albanese and her mandate, denounced her report as an “obscene inversion of reality”.

She has said that “of course” she also condemned Hamas for its attack on Israel which triggered 10 months of war in the Gaza Strip.

Special rapporteurs are appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council but do not speak on behalf of the U.N.